抑郁症(major depressive disorder, MDD)是一种常见的复杂神经精神疾病，以持续性的情绪低落、兴趣减退、认知功能障碍和生理失调为核心特征。重度抑郁症已经成为一大致残诱因，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。现代医学将其定义为“生物-心理-社会”多因素交互作用的结果。
目前广泛接受的MDD发病机制理论包括：神经递质与受体假说、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴假说、炎症因子假说、神经可塑性假说等。其发病机制已从传统的单胺递质假说拓展至神经环路、胶质细胞、免疫代谢等多维度模型。但这些假说均无法完全解释MDD的病理机制，甚至难以仅用单一假说完整阐明其发病机理。
图1. MDD病理机制假说
参考来源：Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024 Feb 9;9(1):30.
三环类抗抑郁药(TCAs)、选择性5-HT再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)以及5-HT和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRIs)等是临床常用的MDD治疗药物，它们通过多种分子机制发挥效用以改善抑郁症状。如TCAs、SSRIs和SNRIs都能抑制5-HT转运体(SERTs)对5-HT的再摄取，特别是SSRIs对SERTs具有选择性抑制作用，这会增加突触间隙中5-HT的浓度，并通过作用于突触后膜上的5-HT受体(5-HTRs)发挥抗抑郁作用，同时激活cAMP-PKA通路。
参考来源：Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024 Feb 9;9(1):30.
识别MDD生物标志物对于阐明其发病机制、疾病诊断及治疗等至关重要，为了支持您的MDD研究，我们梳理了一份靶向MDD关键靶点的畅销抗体清单，并有多篇文献数据支持。
| 靶点 | 货号 | 抗体类型 | 种属 | 应用 | 文献引用 |
| 5HT1A Receptor | bs-1124R | Rabbit pAb | Mouse, Rat | WB | 7 |
| ABAT/GABA-T | bsm-62069R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IP, IF |
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| BDNF | bs-4989R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 55 |
| bsm-52368R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| BRAF | bsm-34218M | Mouse mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, ELISA, IP | 1 |
| bsm-63118R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, IP, Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF |
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| Phospho-BRAF (T401) | bs-5224R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| Phospho-BRAF (Ser729) | bs-12555R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| CRF | bs-0246R | Rabbit pAb | Mouse, Rat | WB | 9 |
| bs-41044R | Rabbit pAb | Mouse, Rat | WB |
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| ERK1 | bsm-61081R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| ERK2 | bsm-52068R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, Flow-Cyt, IP | 3 |
| bsm-51555M | Mouse mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, Flow-Cyt |
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| ERK1/2 | bsm-52259R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, Flow-Cyt | 10 |
| bsm-33232M | Mouse mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, Flow-Cyt | 5 | |
| bsm-33337M | Mouse mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, Flow-Cyt | 17 | |
| GCS-beta-1 | bsm-61960R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| GFAP | bs-42001R | Rabbit pAb | Human | WB, ICC/IF, ELISA | 1 |
| bs-0199R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, Flow-Cyt | 99 | |
| bsm-42001M | Mouse mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| bsm-52254R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 5 | |
| Glucocorticoid Receptor | bsm-61382R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, Flow-Cyt |
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| GluR1 | bs-10042R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF, IP | 7 |
| Phospho-Gria2 (Ser880) | bs-5359R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| IFN-γ | bs-0481R | Rabbit pAb | Human | Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF | 13 |
| bs-0480R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 106 | |
| bs-41061R | Rabbit pAb | Human | Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF | 3 | |
| bsm-0388M | Mouse mAb | Human | Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF | 1 | |
| bsm-61406R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human | WB, ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt |
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| IGF I | bs-0014R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 32 |
| bs-4588R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 5 | |
| IL-1 beta | bs-0812R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse | WB | 288 |
| bsm-52727R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human | WB | 4 | |
| IL-2 | bs-4586R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 1 |
| IL-6 | bs-0782R | Rabbit pAb | Human | WB, ELISA | 187 |
| bsm-10807M | Mouse mAb | Human | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 1 | |
| bsm-43079M | Mouse mAb | Human | WB | 2 | |
| IP3 Receptor | bs-8869R | Rabbit pAb | Human | ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 1 |
| bsm-61555R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | IHC-P, IHC-F, IP, IF |
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| Insulin | bs-0855R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 2 |
| bsm-0855M | Mouse mAb | Human | WB |
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| bsm-60010R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 2 | |
| MEK1 | bsm-60744R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| NMDAR1 | bsm-52950R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| NMDAR2A | bsm-54048R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| NMDAR2B | bs-34096R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, ICC/IF |
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| nNOS | bsm-52474R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF | 1 |
| PDE4B | bsm-62409R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse | WB |
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| PLCB3 | bsm-60497M | Recombinant Mouse mAb | Human | WB |
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| Phospho-PLCB3 (Ser1105) | bs-3341R | Rabbit pAb | Human | ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 1 |
| Phospho-PLCB3 (Ser537) | bsm-62936R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human | WB, Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF |
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| PKC | bsm-62952R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, IP | 1 |
| bsm-62958R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, ICC/IF, IP, Flow-Cyt, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| PP2A alpha + beta | bsm-61223R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, IP, Flow-Cyt |
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| Prolactin/PRL | bs-0508R | Rabbit pAb | Human | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 6 |
| bsm-43099M | Mouse mAb | Human | IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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| Phospho-RAF1 (Ser43) | bsm-52195R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF | 1 |
| Ras | bsm-62921R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human, Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, IP, Flow-Cyt |
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| TNF alpha | bs-10802R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse | ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 98 |
| bs-0078R | Rabbit pAb | Human, Mouse | ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 76 | |
| bs-2081R | Rabbit pAb | Human | Flow-Cyt, ICC/IF | 106 | |
| bsm-0387M | Mouse mAb | Human | ICC/IF, Flow-Cyt | 5 | |
| bsm-33207M | Mouse mAb | Human | WB | 32 | |
| TNFAIP3 | bsm-61300R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Human | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF, Flow-Cyt |
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| TrkB/NTRK2 | bsm-61083R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Mouse, Rat | IHC-F, IHC-P, IF, WB |
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| Phospho-TrkB (Tyr817) | bsm-52213R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Mouse, Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF, IF | 4 |
| TSH | bsm-60432R | Recombinant Rabbit mAb | Rat | WB, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF |
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此外，MDD研究中广泛使用小分子化合物，研究人员使用高度选择性的小分子抑制剂或激活剂来特异性“敲除”或“增强”某个特定的信号通路、神经递质系统、受体、酶或离子通道的功能。小分子化合物是抑郁症基础研究及新药研发过程中不可或缺的工具。Bioss有丰富品类的小分子化合物，供广大科研工作者不断探索MDD中发挥关键作用的新靶点，以期开发出起效更快、疗效更好、副作用更少的新型抗抑郁药物。
| 产品编号 | 英文名称 | CAS | 作用靶点 |
| D53117 | Paroxetine hydrochloride | 78246-49-8 | 5-HT Receptor; AChR; Autophagy; GRK; Serotonin Transporter |
| D61610 | Desipramine hydrochloride | 58-28-6 | 5-HT Receptor; Adrenergic Receptor; Dopamine Receptor; Serotonin Transporter |
| D58084 | Clomipramine hydrochloride | 17321-77-6 | 5-HT Receptor; Dopamine Receptor; GST; Norepinephrine; Serotonin Transporter |
| D57871 | Duloxetine hydrochloride | 136434-34-9 | 5-HT Receptor; Dopamine Receptor; Norepinephrine; Serotonin Transporter |
| D52094 | Naluzotan | 740873-06-7 | 5-HT Receptor; EGFR |
| D55059 | Liafensine | 1198790-53-2 | 5-HT Receptor; Norepinephrine; Dopamine Receptor |
| D59929 | Mirtazapine | 85650-52-8 | 5-HT3 Receptor; 5-HT2 Receptor; H1 Receptor; α2-adrenergic receptor; DopamineReceptor; 5-HTReceptor; Opioid Receptor; Adrenergic Receptor; Histamine Receptor |
| D52652 | JNJ-39393406 | 953428-73-4 | AChR |
| D61134 | Reboxetine mesylate | 98769-84-7 | Adrenergic Receptor; Norepinephrine |
| D54715 | PF-3845 | 1196109-52-0 | Autophagy; FAAH |
| D58478 | Zuranolone | 1632051-40-1 | GABA Receptor |
| D60020 | Tranylcypromine hemisulfate | 13492-01-8 | KDM1/LSD1; Histone Demethylase; MAO; Monoamine Oxidase |
| D57813 | TRIM | 25371-96-4 | nNOS |
| D51174 | CERC-501 | 1174130-61-0 | Opioid Receptor |
| D55082 | Seltorexant | 1293281-49-8 | OX Receptor |
| D61168 | Imipramine hydrochloride | 113-52-0 | Serotonin Transporter |
| D50639 | Fluvoxamine maleate | 61718-82-9 | Serotonin Transporter |
| D54795 | Venlafaxine | 93413-69-5 | Serotonin Transporter |
| D52615 | ZZL-7 | 99141-91-0 | Serotonin Transporter |
| D57191 | NSI189 | 1270138-40-3 | Trk Receptor |
部分高分文献展示
1.bs-0199R | GFAP Rabbit pAb | IF
[IF=32.086] Yuxin Liu. et al. Ferromagnetic flexible electronics for brain-wide selective neural recording. ADV MATER. 2022 Nov;:2208251
2.bsm-33207M | TNF alpha Rabbit pAb | IF
[IF=32.086] Yingying Jin. et al. A Novel “Inside-Out” Intraocular Nanomedicine Delivery Mode for Nanomaterials Biological Effects Enhanced Choroidal Neovascularization Occlusion and Microenvironment Regulation. ADV MATER. 2022 Dec;:2209690
3.bs-0480R | IFN gamma Rabbit pAb | IHC
[IF=27.7] Yang Liu. et al.Generation of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells in vivo via the delivery of mRNA encoding PDL1 within lipid nanoparticles..Nature Biomedical Engineering.2025 Mar 28.
4.bs-4989R | BDNF Rabbit pAb | IF
[IF=16.744] Xiaoyu Ma. et al. Multifunctional injectable hydrogel promotes functional recovery after stroke by modulating microglial polarization, angiogenesis and neuroplasticity. CHEM ENG J. 2023 May;464:142520
5.bs-0199R | GFAP Rabbit pAb | WB, IF, IHC
[IF=13.3] Fangyu Qiao. et al. Dual siRNA-Loaded Cell Membrane Functionalized Matrix Facilitates Bone Regeneration with Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis. SMALL. 2023 Oct;:2307062
6.bsm-52259R | ERK1/2 Recombinant Rabbit mAb | WB
[IF=8.2] Minghao Yan. et al. Screening, identification and functional validation of Microcystin-LR direct binding target proteins based on thermal proteomics profiling. SCI TOTAL ENVIRON. 2025 Jan;958:178047
7.bsm-52727R | IL-1 beta Recombinant Rabbit mAb | WB
[IF=8.2] Lin Peng. et al. Bisphenol A exposure exacerbates tracheal inflammatory injury in selenium-deficient chickens by regulating the miR-155/TRAF3/ROS pathway. INT J BIOL MACROMOL. 2023 Dec;253:127501
